{"id":77,"date":"2023-07-22T19:56:27","date_gmt":"2023-07-22T17:56:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/?page_id=77"},"modified":"2024-02-02T09:15:46","modified_gmt":"2024-02-02T08:15:46","slug":"definir-les-questions-scientifiques","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/cours-de-methodologie\/definir-les-questions-scientifiques\/","title":{"rendered":"Defining scientific questions"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"77\" class=\"elementor elementor-77\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d3f65aa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d3f65aa\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-58974eb\" data-id=\"58974eb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6272673 elementor-align-justify elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6272673\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Welcome<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-72a4cf4\" data-id=\"72a4cf4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5014848 elementor-align-justify elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"5014848\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Data Science<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-28ef7c6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"28ef7c6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-24dcc0b\" data-id=\"24dcc0b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57419e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"57419e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Page contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Contents\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/cours-de-methodologie\/definir-les-questions-scientifiques\/#Definir_les_questions_scientifiques_les_challenges_a_resoudre\" >Define the scientific questions and the challenges to resolve<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/cours-de-methodologie\/definir-les-questions-scientifiques\/#Etapes_a_suivre_pour_trouver_les_bonnes_questions_scientifiques\" >Steps to follow to find the right scientific questions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/cours-de-methodologie\/definir-les-questions-scientifiques\/#Questions_types_en_fonction_de_la_problematique\" >Typical questions depending on the problem<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/cours-de-methodologie\/definir-les-questions-scientifiques\/#Trouver_une_methode_scientifique\" >Find a scientific method<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Definir_les_questions_scientifiques_les_challenges_a_resoudre\"><\/span>Define the scientific questions and the challenges to resolve<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-477aba6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"477aba6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7853288\" data-id=\"7853288\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c506c60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c506c60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This is where the previous lesson ended. You must define the scientific questions or challenges to be resolved. These target exactly what you want to know. They may focus on describing, comparing, evaluating or explaining the problem of <a href=\"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/cours-de-methodologie\/\">research<\/a>.<\/p><p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-683\" src=\"http:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/9182181558_b008c80407_b-300x237.jpg\" alt=\"probl\u00e9matique questions scientifiques\" width=\"300\" height=\"237\" srcset=\"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/9182181558_b008c80407_b-300x237.jpg 300w, https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/9182181558_b008c80407_b-768x606.jpg 768w, https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/9182181558_b008c80407_b.jpg 929w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p><p>A strong research question should be specific enough that you can answer it thoroughly using appropriate qualitative or quantitative research methods. It must also be complex enough to require in-depth investigation, analysis, and argument. Questions that can be answered with \u201cyes\/no\u201d or with readily available facts are not complex enough for a thesis or dissertation.<\/p><p>The process of developing your research question follows several steps:<\/p><ul><li>Choose a broad topic<\/li><li>Do some preliminary reading to learn about current debates and issues<\/li><li>Narrow down a specific niche you want to focus on<\/li><li>Identify a practical or theoretical research problem that you will address<\/li><\/ul><p>When you have a clearly defined problem, you need to formulate one or more questions. Think about exactly what you want to know and how it will help solve the problem.<\/p><p>Both qualitative and quantitative research require research questions. The type of question you use depends on what you want to know and the type of research you want to do. This will shape your research design.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-15f09f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"15f09f5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3416d8b\" data-id=\"3416d8b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d023fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1d023fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Etapes_a_suivre_pour_trouver_les_bonnes_questions_scientifiques\"><\/span>Steps to follow to find the right scientific questions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-efd9445 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"efd9445\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c0c791e\" data-id=\"c0c791e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fcb1fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1fcb1fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The process of developing your research question follows several steps:<\/p><ul><li>Choose a topic<\/li><li>Do some preliminary reading to learn about current debates and issues<\/li><li>Narrow down a specific niche you want to focus on<\/li><li>Identify a practical or theoretical research problem that you will address<\/li><\/ul><p>When you have a clearly defined problem, you need to formulate one or more questions. Think about exactly what you want to know and how it will help solve the problem.<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-83 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche1.png\" alt=\"recherche question scientifique\" width=\"721\" height=\"261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche1.png 721w, https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche1-300x109.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 721px) 100vw, 721px\" \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5a63fc0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5a63fc0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c37d300\" data-id=\"c37d300\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6eed2a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6eed2a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Questions_types_en_fonction_de_la_problematique\"><\/span>Typical questions depending on the problem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bb1d80f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bb1d80f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0477562\" data-id=\"0477562\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83519dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"83519dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Here are some English-speaking examples of typical questions to ask. First of all, the question must be specific and scientific.<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-84 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche2.png\" alt=\"recherche question scientifique\" width=\"560\" height=\"527\" srcset=\"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche2.png 560w, https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche2-300x282.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/><\/p><p>Questions must be able to be resolved via a <a href=\"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/cours-de-methodologie\/definir-la-methode-scientifique\/\">scientific method<\/a> (see the dedicated course).<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-85 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche3.png\" alt=\"recherche question scientifique\" width=\"602\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche3.png 602w, https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche3-300x255.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px\" \/><\/p><p>Scientific questions should not be too simplistic.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-86 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche4.png\" alt=\"recherche question scientifique\" width=\"659\" height=\"485\" srcset=\"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche4.png 659w, https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche4-300x221.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 659px) 100vw, 659px\" \/><\/p><p>The questions must respond to a scientific and industrial need.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-87 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche5.png\" alt=\"recherche question scientifique\" width=\"803\" height=\"436\" srcset=\"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche5.png 803w, https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche5-300x163.png 300w, https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/recherche5-768x417.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 803px) 100vw, 803px\" \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-af221c9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"af221c9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f1a7f2\" data-id=\"4f1a7f2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32e7e56 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"32e7e56\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Trouver_une_methode_scientifique\"><\/span>Find a scientific method<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e76fc50 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e76fc50\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1fd0af5\" data-id=\"1fd0af5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce4f73e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ce4f73e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>There <a href=\"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/cours-de-methodologie\/parfaire-la-methodologie\/\">method<\/a> Scientific is a practical framework for answering your research questions. This involves making decisions about the type of data you need, the methods you will use to collect and analyze it, and where and for how long you will research it. To see on the next course.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Home Data Science Defining the scientific questions, the challenges to solve This is where the previous course ended. You have to \u2026 <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":47,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-77","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/77","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/77\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":689,"href":"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/77\/revisions\/689"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/47"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guillaume-guerard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}